Improvement in bakers  ovens



UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

JOHN BAYNEY, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BAKERS OVENS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 108,517, dated October 18, 1870.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BAYNEY, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State'of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bakers Ovens, of which the fol lowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, and in which- Figures l and 2 represent sectional elevations, at right angles to each other, of a bakers oven constructed in accordance with my invention.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention relates to what are known as reel-ovens; and consists in a novel colnbination and construction of parts, whereby provision is made for heating the baking-chainber, either by radiation alone, without passing the smoke, dust, or ashes into said chamber, or by the direct heat of the gaseous products of combustion passing through the oven, and certain advantages as regards expansion and contraction secured, together with facilities whereby wood or soft coal may be burned in such ovens.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, A represents the outer walls or brick-work of the oven, and B the baking-chamber, the sides and bottom of which are made of sheet metal, for the purpose of heating the baking-chamber by radiation.

C O are heating chambers or spaces interposed between the sides b b of the bakingchamber and outer walls, AA, said chambers being open at their bottoms, but closed atN their tops, below the roof of the oven, by damp ers c c.

D is the fire-place or furnace of the oven, arranged at a suitable distance below the baking-chamber, and in communication, by a draft'aperture, d, with the chimney, by an upper opening, c, said openings d and c being opened or closed, as required, by dampers f g.

The bottom of the baking-chamber is made up of three plates, h, It, and la', the middle one, h', being' loose, and resting on or overlapping the adjacent plates, which provides for contraction and expansion, and at the same time allows, by the lifting of the center plate, for a through draft from the furnace below, said center plate, h bein glifted, when required, by a lever, 7c.

Bars m m m are run across the oven for the bottom of the baking-chamber to rest upon.

E is the revolving reel of gravitating-trays, 011 which the bread to be baked is put.

ln the operation of the oven, supposing the dampers c c g and plate 7L to be closed, the baking-chamber B will be heated exclusively by radiation through its sides and bottom, and all ashes, dust, and gas prevented from passing into the oven during the process of baking.

In case oi burning wood or soft coal, which t makes much smoke, the center bottom plate, h', is raised by the lever 7s, whereby the smoke is drawn from the fire-chamber and taken to the chimney by the aperture c in the rear wall at the top of the baking-chamber, the direct draftopening d. also being open to carry off the smoke from the fire-chamber. The dampers c c of theheat-radiatin g chambers in ay be opened simultaneously with the lifting of the center bottom plate, h', or separate therefrom, as desired, for a like end or purpose. Except when thus relieving the oven, however, of smoke, the bottom plate, h', and dampers c c should be kept closed. Reel-ovens may thus be made, however, to burn wood or soft coal as well as hard coal.

What is here claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

l. The baking-chamber B, constructed, as described, of side metal plates, b I), and bottom plates, h h h', the middle one, h', of which latter is loose and made to overlap the adjacent plates h h, in combination with the heat-radiating chambers C C and furnace D, essentially as speciiied.

2. The combination of the lever 7c and bars m with the sectionally-constructed bottom h h and h of the baking-chamber.

3. The combination of the dampers c c with the side chambers, O O, the metallic sides b b, and sectionally-constructed metal bottom h h 1L of the bakingchamber, the draft-openings d c, controlled by dampers fand (1, the fireplace D, and the reel E, substantially as specilied.

JOHN RAYN EY. Vitnesses:

FRED. HAYNEs,

R. E. RABEAU. 

